Things They Don't Teach You in Management Training

I once had a boss who, when hiring a Manager wouldthat anger is the underlying emotion and not be
half jokingly tell the Staffing Manager, "If they say theyintimidated by the employee's behavior or manage
like working with people, don't hire them!" She knew"around" it. Remember, they don't handle anger well.
that "working with people" is arguably the most difficultThe more the Manager holds them accountable for
aspect of a Manager's job. Training preparestheir lapses, the angrier they will become. They angrier
Managers to delegate, motivate, influence, coach,they become the more likely they are to give the
communicate, recognize and strategize. Often it doesManager cause to formally address their behavior or
not prepare a Manager for the difficult employee whoconduct. Ultimately the employee may learn to save
is resistant to most motivating, influencing, coaching, andthis behavior for other unsuspecting soles and be more
recognition techniques.circumspect with the Manager.
The key to managing the difficult employee is toThe Victim
decisively deal with their performance, behavior orNever underestimate the power of helplessness. To
attitude very early on. Unfortunately someclarify, the "Victim" is not the good employee who has
organizations develop a tolerance for negativean occasional personal problem that may interfere with
behavior and unwittingly reinforce it by ignoring it,work. The Victim is a problem employee who always
managing around it and hoping the problem employeehas a "poor me" story and an interminable number of
soon quits or retires.reasons why he or she must leave early, can't finish
Most employees will not cause a Manager's hair toan assignment, can't meet a deadline, etc. "Can't is their
turn gray. But then, it only takes a few dillies tomodus operandi. Inevitably, some co-workers will feel
transform the darkest brunette to snow white. Whatsorry for the Victim and pick up the slack while others,
makes an employee difficult? Usually, it is a problem inwho are wise to the Victim's tactics, will sit and steam.
performance, behavior or attitude. No surprise there,A chronic victim impacts the morale of the entire
right? But what about the employee whoseworkgroup. Those who "steam" want desperately for
performance persistently "hugs the line?" And, whatthe Manager to intervene.
about "poor attitude" in an employee? The courts onlyTo effectively manage the Victim, a Manager must
care if an employee is performing his or her job andfirst get the Victim's rescuers to stop "helping." It is
not about the "attitude" of an employee. So, what's aeasy to get lured into feeling sorry for the Victim as
manager to do?their problems can be legitimate. But we all have
First let's look at our "line hugger." Youproblems and it is how we handle them that
know….the type that works hard at hardlydetermines whether we become victims for victors.
working. The barely marginal employee not only hugsDeal with this employee by making a referral to the
the line most of the year but confounds the ManagerEmployee Assistance Program. If you don't have
by raising the level of his or her performanceone…get one. Some EAPs even offer services
sometime within the last quarter of the performanceon a case-by-case basis.
review cycle. As the Manager struggles to write theWhen not talking about personal problems, the Victim is
"line hugger's" review, you can almost see the naturalone who usually asks a lot of "why" (or whine)
hair color begin to fade.questions. Such as:
As with all poor performers, a Manager must• Why is this happening to me?
determine if the employee lacks the information, skill, or• Why do we have to go through all this
motivation to do the job. A performance improvementchange?
plan (PIP) combined with regularly scheduled coaching• Why did they hire her?
sessions will provide the answer. Generally speaking, a• Why doesn't he/she/they communicate
well written 60 day PIP that includes specific tasks,better?
objectives and deadlines accompanied by weekly• Why don't you give me more of your time?
coaching sessions with the Manager will do the trick.Victims are excellent procrastinators and ask a lot of
(Of course, Human Resources should be actively"when" questions such as:
involved in this process.)• When will you take care of this problem?
If the employee rises to the occasion it is a win for the• When will we get the information we need?
Manager in two ways. The employee has now• When will we get more resources?
demonstrated he or she can do the job effectively.A Manager needs to talk to a Victim in a way that
And, the Manager has the documentation to prove it.puts responsibility back on the employee. Start by
At the end of the PIP period, a memo written tocountering with "how" and "when" questions that focus
document the now "effective" performance needs toon action, such as:
include language that states the effective level must• What have you done to help solve the
be "sustained." If the employee reverts to "hugging theproblem?
line," the Manager can now safely consider termination.• What are you doing that contributes to this
During the PIP period, the weekly coaching sessions willproblem?
help the Manager determine if the employee needs• What could you do to better understand
additional training in order to be more effective. Theeach person in the office?
PIP period can always be extended to allow time for• What efforts have you made to adapt to
further development.change?
Employees that really hasten the graying process are• What can you do right now to change this
those who have a bad "attitude" but acceptablesituation?
performance. Is it possible to have a bad attitude and• How can you achieve your goal with the
good performance? It is not only possible, but there areresources you already have?
people whose entire being seems wrapped up in• How can you do your job better today?
maintaining these seemingly opposite values. This type• What do you think you need to do in order
person will have a Manager reaching for antacids on ato contribute more to the team?
regular basis. Can the hair dye be far behind?Using this tactic will frustrate the Victim and reinforce
But maintaining good performance with a poor attitudethe expectation of accountability. The Victim will realize
is tricky. Even those who are good at it will slip everythe gig is up and, in order to avoid a performance
now and then. Here are a few examples of how towarning, shelve the avoidance tactics. However,
handle some difficult types:because these tactics did work at one time, they are
The Passive Aggressive/Passive Resistant Employeehard to give up. The Manager will have to remain
The passive-aggressive is the intentional bully and thevigilant and ensure the workgroup doesn't revert to
passive resistant is the sneaky bully. Both these types"rescue" mode.
are people who do not or cannot deal with the feelingThe Injustice Collector
of anger. But make no mistake. They are angry andThere are people who are "right" and there are people
will look for opportunities to "stick it" to the Manager orto have to be right. Welcome to the "Injustice
anyone else who has the nerve to tick them off.Collector." Injustice collectors are always "wronged"
For example, the passive-aggressive employeebut are never wrong. This employee would rather
assigned to a project he or she doesn't like willalienate everyone than admit being wrong. To an
intentionally provide bad or poorly researchedInjustice Collector, alienation is proof that their
information, skip meetings, spread rumors, openlysuperiority sets them apart from everyone else. Since
criticize the boss or refuse to accept the helpfulthey can never be wrong, everybody else must be!
suggestions of co-workers. The sneaky bully will "yes"This employee is an expert at putting people on the
a Manager to death but seldom delivers on promises.defensive. Managing this employee can feel like being
This bully will intentionally "forget" commitments, beon trial every day of the week. Managers must resist
chronically late for meetings, miss deadlines,the bait and not get drawn into a debate or get
strategically call in sick on days critical to the Managerdefensive with this type person.
or project, intentionally leave out data or information orBlame is the modus operandi of the Injustice Collector.
find other ways to "inadvertently" make a ManagerBlame is also a block to responsibility. The Manager
look foolish.can put the blame game into "check" by not
Talking to the employee is always an option but thisentertaining a debate and insisting on personal
type behavior is not likely to change. These employeesresponsibility. This can be done by posing questions
are very manipulative. Managers need to understandsimilar to those listed above.