Support Staff Outsourcing in a Developing Economy

Esi Hamilton is the savvy young Manager in charge ofcompensation, dispute resolution, health & safety
Human Resources and Administration in a mediumand HR policy manuals. SSO entails use of support
sized bank with 5 branches in Ghana. She manages astaff to perform non-core functions from Executive
staff strength numbering 370 from the managementAssistant, Secretaries to Drivers and Cleaners.
team to domestic staff. Since joining the bank tenIn another development, HR Outsourcing service is
months ago, she has implemented several innovationsusually grouped into four broad-based categories
to transform the face of human resourcenamely PEOs, BPOs, ASPs and e-services. PEO
management. Recently, she has been paying attentionmeans Professional Employer Organization. BPO
to the effectiveness and own-and-manage cost of themeans Business Process Outsourcing. ASP means
semi- and low-skilled workers, which constituted 25%Application Service Providers and of course,
of her workforce with its attendant implications on theE-services. SSO falls under the PEOs because the
bottom line. Now, she is thinking about outsourcing theirprovider organization owns the employees it deploys
services.to perform non-core duties in the offices of the client
It is a bright morning. Esi has just finished a 30-minuteorganizations.
extensive meeting with an HR Outsourcing consultantClient organizations who adopt and implement SSO
who spoke elaborately on Support Staff Outsourcingservice model in services sector in any developing
service and the need for her bank to considereconomy should expect a dividend in service delivery
outsourcing its semi- and low-skilled workers. Shequality, cost reduction and increased productivity.
watched the consultant walked out of her expansiveProvider organizations deliver value for money. Quality
office, sipped her cappuccino and tapped her penin service delivery is a critical aspect of the
softly on her table. She paused, looked at the littleperformance measurement. The Service Level
sunflower sitting on the top right edge of her table andAgreement (SLA) will spell out the terms, conditions
smiled. She turns slightly and begins to work her fingersand expectations of service execution and both
on the tablet keyboard? What really is Support Staffparties in the SLA are obliged to perform their
Outsourcing? Is it any different from HR Outsourcing?commitments. Client organization is certain to
What value does Support Staff Outsourcing add toexperience improvement in the context of its non-core
my bottom line? Is my organization better off withoutservice delivery in terms of quality of employees,
Support Staff Outsourcing? Why should I considerturnaround time and customer service. If a client
Support Staff Outsourcing for my organization? Esiorganization is not enjoying this benefit, then the
ponders over these FAQ and urgently requiresprovider organization is incompetent. What has
answers to enable her develop a proposal to herhappened is that the client organization has
Managing Director for the bank to implement Supportsuccessfully created layers of inefficiency in its
Staff Outsourcing service to drive its human resourcestructure and the cost of managing such inefficiency
strategy.and its exit will weigh down the objective of adopting
Traditionally, Craumer (2000) surmised that outsourcingand implementing SSO service.
which was originally perceived as the "ho-hum tacticA recent survey a universal bank revealed that it could
for reducing the costs of back-room functions such assave 45% in costs (both direct and indirect) if it
payroll and IT" metamorphosed into a criticaldecided to outsource an aspect of its operation
management tool "in the early 90s as companiesfunctions that was managed internally by the bank's
began to outsource more strategically significantcore staff. A whopping 45%! What else can any
functions such as manufacturing and logistics, andorganization bargain for? Why should a client
even product design and other innovation-relatedorganization pay more by direct own-and-manage
activities."model when the non-core function can be outsourced
Support Staff Outsourcing (SSO) as a branch offor value? Also, SSO service also has the in-built
outsourcing is defined as a management decisioncapability to predict a controlled future costs. The
whereby a client organization contracts out from withinbudget for contract and administrative fees can be
its operations its non-core support functions to anplanned to circumvent inflation with growth margins in
expert provider organization that will deploy its ownorder to determine exact future costs.
employees to carry out these functions in the officesAn organization can drive top-line performance,
of the client organization. There are three partiesincrease its organizational capacity and operational
involved the SSO process namely the clientefficiency if it concentrates its resources of its core
organization, provider organization and the outsourcedbusiness. SSO service engenders improved
employees. These three parties play different butproductivity for the client organization. The client
equally important roles in the successful implementationorganization focuses its ability on harnessing and
of SSO. SSO service usually fails and its objectivesdeveloping the potentials of its core employees
faltered in organizations when one of the parties,converting them into sources of competitive
particularly the outsourced staff is not effectivelyadvantage that yield long-term benefits. In partnership,
cultivated within the scope of the Service Levelthe provider organization deploys its own core
Agreement between the client organization andcompetencies to support the client organization to
provider organization.deliver on its non-core business areas. SSO service
In SSO service, the client organization takes off itsoffers the HR Managers the flexibility and innovation
non-core business activities. The provider organizationthey require to drive their HR agenda to achieve
sends in its own trained employees to discharge theseoptimum degree of strategy execution and
non-core functions of the business operations of theorganizational effectiveness.
client organization. The scope of the non-core businessSome HR Managers argue that drawbacks of SSO
activities varies from organization to organizationservice far outweigh the benefits. Is there a merit in
depending on its size, nature of business, and marketthis argument? Can the quality of service rendered by
competitiveness. The non-core areas usuallyemployees who are not no the payroll of the client
outsourced cover functions such as Secretaries,organization guaranteed on a continuous basis? Will
Guest Relations Officers, Receptionists, Administrativethere not be disparity in remuneration and welfare of
Assistants, Call-Centre Executives, Franchiseemployees of both organizations in the SSO service
Marketing Officers, Mailing Clerks, Cleaning Services,model? Can the employees of the provider
Sales Representatives, Clerical Duties, IT Supportorganization demonstrate enough work ethic or loyalty
officers, Drivers, Dispatch Riders, Security Officers,in tandem with the vision and mission of the client
Tellering and Bulk Tellering Staff (in financial institutions),organization? Can the provider organization continue to
etc.supply quality staff to the client organization?
It is commonplace in developing economies to widelyCan the provider organization vouch for the integrity of
engage the services of support staff for non-coredata and safety of information its employees handle in
functions in organizations across the services andthe client's office? Will client organization enjoy high
manufacturing sectors because these functions arelevel of commitment to exceptional quality service and
largely executed with little or no automation. Thecustomer care from the employees of the provider
percentage of engagement in the public servicesorganization? Will the employees of provider
sector, which is the oldest and largest employer oforganization deployed to the offices of the client
labour, is relatively high. Players in the services sectororganizations well paid to avoid disruptive exit and
are challenged by globalization, technology anddefection to competition? How will Labour
constant changes in consumer preference to deployCommissions and Human Right protection agencies
their capital to acquire resources (technology andinterpret the tripartite relationship of the parties in SSO
process) in areas of high impact like IT, strategy andservice - casualization of labour, exploitation or
core human resources to develop capacity forcontract staffing? What are the legal implications of
organizational effectiveness. Under this circumstance,adopting the SSO service model? How does the
less attention is given to non-core activities, and theprovider organization handle the security issues
managers of these non-core activities in Businessregarding the client organization giving the employees
Support, Admin or Human Resources Department areof the former access to the sensitive information
constantly under excruciating pressure to perform withbelonging to the customers of the later? How does
little results to show for their efforts.the provider organization mitigate against hiring,
Chief Executive Officers want results. They cannotcharacter and competence risks of its employees
understand why their Human Resources or Adminbefore deploying and whilst serving in the client's
Department are under-performing and slowing downorganization?
the pace of work. Now, Admin or HR ManagersA well-articulated and carefully implemented SSO
should realize that their traditional role of providingservice is designed to anticipate the objections
administrative support of business services oridentified as drawbacks and punctiliously provide
personnel to organizations as a cost centre exists inavenues to blocking them before consummating the
the realm of the past. Contemporary expectationsSSO service contract, and during the period of
stipulate that they move Admin or HR Department toexecuting the service. HR Outsourcing Consultants or
a more strategic role as a profit-thinking function of theprofessional lawyers with specialty in outsourcing
organization. These Managers should now create newbusiness services should be engaged to draw up
organizational capabilities drawn from a redefinition andService Level Agreements (SLAs) to provide a
redeployment of HR practices, functions andplatform for determining responsibilities, accountabilities,
professionals that leverage of the core competenciesdeliverables, performance measurements, exceptions
of their organizations. So, what should they do withand exit clauses. The decision to use SSO service is
their non-core operations? Strategic planning foran investment. If the client organization gets it right and
market competitiveness demands that these non-corethe provider organization implements it in line with the
functions are outsourced to reputable and competentSLA, it will translate to high yield and remarkable
provider organizations that have the core capabilities toprofitability in terms of service delivery, customer
deliver results in non-core areas for the clientretention and revenue generation.
organization.SSO service works for any size of organization. Any
Inadequate knowledge of HR Outsourcing has madeorganization that has more than 20% of its workforce
many practitioners and users of the service toas support staff discharging non-core business
assume that HR Outsourcing is Support Staffactivities should consider SSO service. SSO service
Outsourcing (SSO) and vice versa. For the benefit ofwill relief HR Managers and allow them to focus on
doubt, HR Outsourcing is a body of outsourcingmore strategic issues as the provider organization see
services covering Payroll Administration, Employeeto the welfare and performance of own personnel
Benefits, HR Management, Risk Management andcarrying out non-core functions in the client
Support Staff. SSO is an integral part of HRorganization.
Outsourcing but not the totality. Non-core functions thatIt is time to outsource support staff when the HR
can be outsourced in Payroll Administration includeManager is inefficient because she is saddled with
Annual Leave compilation/computation, taxes advisoryadministrative duties of personnel management. It is
implementation, payslips issuance/distribution, etc.time to outsource support staff functions when
Employee Benefits are Health, Medical Claimsservice is poor and the cost of hiring and maintenance
verification, Canteen Services, Employee Satisfactionof the personnel is high. The only point the client
Survey, etc. HR Management includes recruiting, hiringorganization losses is its point of inefficiency.
and firing, pre-hire background checks and interview,Shareholders, investors and CEOs want value for
exit interview, salary survey, manpower planning andmoney in investment in human resources. SSO service
workflow planning. Risk management covers workmenmodel delivers this value.