Blu-ray Technology - What It Is And How It Works

Blu-ray is a cutting-edge, high-definition optical disc thatflaws is birefringence. In a standard DVD, the recorded
can store significantly more data than a standard DVD.data is set between two polycarbonate layers. The
A single-layer Blu-ray disc can store approximately 25laser must shine through a layer of polycarbonate in
gigabytes of data: five times the amount of a standardorder to reach the data.
single-layer DVD. Dual-layer Blu-ray discs can storeOccasionally, the polycarbonate can split the laser into
twice the amount as single-layer discs, and about eighttwo beams instead of allowing it to penetrate, making
times the amount of a standard dual-layer DVD.the player unable to read the disc. The process of
A standard DVD contains enough space for alining up the polycarbonate layers must be done with
two-hour, non-high-definition movie, plus a few extragreat precision to prevent birefringence. In addition, the
features. A Blu-ray disc allows enough space for 13laser beam can become distorted if the disc is not
hours of standard footage or two hours ofperfectly level inside the player, a problem called "disc
high-definition video. In addition, Blu-ray discs allow youtilt."
to skip instantly anywhere on the disc; record oneOn a Blu-ray disc, the data is printed on top of the
show while watching another; edit and reorder thepolycarbonate layer. With the data on top, the laser
footage on the disc; and access the web to downloaddoes not have to shine through polycarbonate in order
subtitles and other extras.to read it-and the problem of birefringence is eliminated.
All DVD's and CD's store information as a series ofThis simplifies the manufacturing process, and keeps
grooves on the recording surface of the disc. Thethe cost of Blu-ray discs down. In addition, the data's
grooves are written in a spiral that winds from thelocation brings it closer to the lens that reads the laser.
center of the disc to the outside edge. On one side,This makes disc tilt much less of an issue.
the grooves appear as pits; on the other, they standBlu-ray stores more data, reads more clearly, and
out as bumps. To read the disc, a player shines a laserprovides interactive features you can't get on a
over the bumpy side of the disc. The bumps causestandard DVD. There aren't many drawbacks to
the laser to bounce back and register on a sensor.Blu-ray, but there are a few.
Standard CD and DVD players use a red laser toBlu-ray discs require different equipment to
read the information on a disc. Blu-ray compatiblemanufacture. Despite the ease of making these discs
players use a blue laser. Blue light has a shorterin comparison with standard DVD's, manufacturers still
wavelength than red light. This makes the laser itselfhave to invest in new machinery to make them. This
more sensitive and capable of detecting much smallermay give a slight edge to Blu-ray's major competitor:
grooves than a red laser can.HD-DVD. HD-DVD is another type of high-definition
Because the blue laser can detect smaller grooves,DVD that can be manufactured using the same
the information on a Blu-ray disc can be written muchequipment used for standard DVD's. It stores less
smaller than on a standard disc. This is why a Blu-rayinformation, but it's also less expensive.
disc can contain so much more information than aBlu-ray discs aren't more expensive than standard
standard CD or DVD, even though the discs are thediscs, but Blu-ray players tend to be significantly more
same size.expensive than HD-DVD players. You can buy players
Blu-ray discs are constructed differently than standardthat will play standard formats along with either
discs. These differences in construction eliminate someHD-DVD or Blu-ray, but no player can read both
of the design flaws in standard DVD's. One of theseHD-DVD and Blu-ray.